04. Robert Sengstacke Abbott’s Moment of Truth Footnotes
Through triumph and terror, the Chicago Defender Newspaper forged a sense of shared fate. It became a node in a network of belonging, and Robert Sengstacke Abbott became one of the first Black self-made millionaires in America.
View his story here.
- PBS. The Black Press: Soldiers Without Swords. Retrieved from: https://www.pbs.org/blackpress/news_bios/abbott.html ↩
- BlackPast.org. “Abbott, Robert Sengstacke (1870–1940).” https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/abbott-robert-sengstacke-1870-1940/ ↩
- Britannica. “Robert Sengstacke Abbott.” https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Sengstacke-Abbott ↩
- The Atlantic. “The Chicago Defender’s Role in the Great Migration.” https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/01/chicago-defender/422583/ ↩
- PBS. “Chicago Defender and the Great Migration.” https://www.pbs.org/blackpress/news_bios/defender.html ↩
- Britannica. “Robert Sengstacke Abbott.” https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Sengstacke-Abbott ↩
13. Freedom Schools’ Moment of Truth Footnotes
- Carson, In Struggle, 1981.
- P King, Statement before the Credentials Committee, 22 August 1964, CSKC.
- King, Statement on the deaths of Michael Schwerner, Andrew Goodman, and James Chaney, 4 August 1964, MLKJP-GAMK.
- Martinez, Letters from Mississippi, 1965.
- McAdam, Freedom Summer, 1988
The Qii 